How does Dickens Present the Criminals in Oliver Twist Essay -- GCSE En

Oliver Twist was written in 1838 by Charles Dickens and was originally published as a monthly magazine before being published as a novel that was subsequently read by umpteen Victorians. It was written not only to entertain, but to raise awareness for the many issues in the society of the day related chief(prenominal)ly to criminal activity. One of the main problems was based around the differentiation in the crystallize of people in the Victorian era. People from the middle classes were widely known think very dwarfish of the lower classes and often considered them the evil of society. He also uses the novel to raise the issues related to the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834 and the way that it involved sending despicable or orphaned people like Oliver to ghastly overpopulated workhouses where they were poorly looked after. Dickens also fights against the negative stereotypes of criminals and prostitutes such as Nancy who eventually shows the good in herself to cheer Oliver fr om the hands of the deadly wrath of Bill Sikes.Although most would say Dickens is presenting the criminals as purely evil throughout the novel, characters such as Fagin and Sikes who are presented as dark creates of the criminal underworld, they do however on the very odd occasion redeem themselves with an act of good will, usually towards the boys. Fagin and Sikes, but more so Sikes are very dangerous and violent men, however Fagin is shown, along with Nancy, to have a good side within him and are given good images at parts of the novel, however Nancys good will proves to be her last move as her good will causes her to be brutally murdered by Sikes. This novel was written in the Victorian Era, a time when society faces many social difficulties such as industrialization, prostitu... ...edibly realistic and are well shown by the criminals actions and personalities in this novel. It makes me feel sympathetic for Nancy and feel strong hatred towards people like Bill and Fagin. Nancy g ave up her life to protect and accomplish the life of another human being. I find just doing that for somebody is a fantastic gesture and also takes a lot of courage. It definitely shows that individualisation is bad for Britain, if Nancy followed individualism then it may have been the completely innocent Oliver that was killed or abused. He also shows that the people of Britain who are born into lower class families are not pure evil and that they definitely have much good within them.BIBLIOGRAPHY(1)http//www.scena.org/columns/lebrecht/050929-NL-twist.html Accessed 24/2/09(2)https//www.123helpme.com/view.asp?id=37427 Accessed 5/3/09

John Steinbeck The Pearl Essay -- essays research papers

The PearlJohn SteinbeckKino, is a poor Indian fisherman who lives on the Gulf of California with his wife Juana and impair son Coyotito. They are very poor but happy family. When he finds the gather of the world he believes that wonderful things will come from selling it. As he tries to sell the pearl he realizes that the local businessmen will cheat him and decides to travel to sell it. When it is realized that Kino has murdered the man who move to steal his prize possession the family is forced to run from their village. Trackers are sent to find them and, in desperation and rage Kino kills the men, not realizing that their gunfire has killed his son. The pearl was supposed to bring him happiness and money but instead it brings death and evil. In spite of being poor, Kino is happy,...

Colonial Canadian Shakespeare Essay examples -- William Shakespeare

1Colonial Canadian Shakespe ar West Meets East at StratfordIn his essay The regional Theatre System, Czarnecki picks up on the challengeof creating a national theatre in Canada, but also articulates the central and definingchallenge in developing a unified sense of Canadian identity Canada, because of itsimmense span from ocean to ocean, is inevitably divided into regions distinct from theirprovincial boundaries. The regional boundaries which cope with the Maritimes as distinctfrom French Canada and the Prairies as distinct from the West Coast, for example, implynot only geographical, but also social, cultural and political differences between theseregions. Because Canada is a nation born from British imperialism, the colonialrelationship that exists even today between Canada and Britain is undeniable, though thiscolonial relationship is by no means constant across Canada. The different regionalattitudes towards Britain and Canadas colonial history became evident to me when, as aW estern Canadian, I saw a yield of juncture in Central Canada at the StratfordFestival in Stratford, Ontario. This production served to illustrate that Shakespeareserves as a standard by which to measure the colonial relationships between a givenCanadian region and the British Crown therefore Shakespeare also helps to illuminatethe discrepancies between these different regions in relation to Canadas colonial history.The Stratford Festival, whose mandatory is to produce, to the highest standardspossible, the best works of theatre in the classical and contemporary repertoire, with2special emphasis on the works of William Shakespeare, has become the place in Canadato see productions of Shakespeare. As Cza... ...ion to the production of Hamlet was only further proof, however, thatShakespeares iconic position in Canadian culture originates in our shared colonialhistory. Adaptations of Shakespeare are telling of regional differences, which is only thecase because Canada too is rooted in Shakespeares home country.6Works CitedCzarnecki, Mark. The Regional Theatre System. Contemporary Canadian TheatreNew World Visions. Ed. Anton Wagner. Toronto Simon and Pierre, 1985. 35-48.Fischlin, Daniel and mark Fortier. General Introduction. Adaptations of Shakespeare.Eds. Daniel Fischlin and Mark Fortier. London Routledge, 2000. 1-22.Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Ed. Susanne Wofford. New York St. Martins Press,1994.Full production details of the Stratford Festivals 2000 production of Hamlet available athttp//www.paulgross.org/theatreindex.htmlhamlet

good vs evil :: essays research papers

Beowulf Good VS. EvilMany times we bring out a battle of unassailable vs. evil in movies, books, society, and in this case, an epic poem. This motif is used so often because it pertains to so homosexualy facets of authentic life. The epic poem Beowulf is an example of this because the paladin of the invoice has an ongoing conflict with the evil villain, Grendel. In Beowulf, the conflict between good and evil is the poems main and most important aspect. The poet makes it clean-living that good and evil do not exist as only opposites, but that both qualities are present in everyone. Beowulf represents the ability to do good, or to perform acts selflessly and in abet of others. Goodness is also showed throughout this epic as having the ability to cleanse evil. Even though evil is presented by Grendel, Grendels mother, and the dragon, who are filled with a desire to act against people and ultimately destroy them. Even pride, a human quality, is presented in Beowulf as a sign that evil exists. Beowulf is the character in the story that played the super hero. He was the man who went to innocent peoples rescue. When they needed someone to help them he was the man who would respond to their cries for help. For example, Beowulf went to the aid of the people of another country to fight a titan and protect them from another ambush of attacks from the monster. He risked his own life, to face this monster that would destroy any human in a matter of seconds. Beowulf isnt just any normal human, he has the strength of 30 men in each hand. He is the Prince of goodness(46). He has been sent down from heaven to protect the earth from evil such as Grendel. As you can see clearly by the fact that he is called The Prince of goodness he is the good guy in the story (46). He has been chosen to protect the world from evil. When this story was made, the author intended for it to be clear that Beowulf is supposed to be the hero of the story. Beowulf takes it upon himself to anno unce several great deeds that he will perform to help countries in need. One of these deeds is his offer to King Hrothgar, in which he proposes to slay Grendel. Beowulf states, single handed Ill settle the strife (37).

Reflections of the Past Essay -- French Revolution, French Politics, B

Edmund Burke is considered one of the most influential intellectuals, best cognize for criticising the French conversion in his 1790 publication, Reflections on the Revolution in France. It is a book that has been the topic of a variety of debates and disagreements, but has always had the distinction of beingness able to influence a number of different groups, including the classic liberal. The text criticizes the French revolution on a number of different principles. One of Burkes main problems with the revolution is that the revolutionary leaders attempted to change the entirety of Frances political system overnight rather than take it gradually and change things one by one. He claims that the New France has little chance of succeeding (230) because of what he sees as impulsive. He also states that, innovation is not reform, which also requires reflection (119). He comp bes this to the regard the philosophers, where the approach lacked realism during a time when abstractness could be fatal. The complete abolition of the entire political system in 1789 ended with an immense amount of murkiness during transformation. The prior political system, Feudalism, was declared void and so the entirety of the governmental institutions was dissolved. This includes the army, the local government, the judicial system and the clergy. This all relates to the political ideology of the philosophers, which held that a revolution was good at destruction, but not so good at the rebuilding process. Though it is debateable if Burkes critique of the revolution was right or wrong, the even did pee him to devise his political ideology. His ability to insinuate logical points of politics makes this a rather important book. The main idea behind this ... ...ore spectacle rather then inwardness (283), which isnt what France needs. Instead there is a national assembly that Burke states isnt qualified to form a government and which will eventually depart more extreme (374).In Burk es opinion, France made a lot of mistakes when they revolted against their king and country. For society to be liberty it requires wisdom, which then requires virtue (373), both which Burke believes the France are missing. He ends his book commending Britian on the basis of longstanding existence and reforms (375) or the ability to gradually change the country for the better, much more so because many an(prenominal) of the past reforms were an attempt to recover past privileges and traditions, which are positive. Regardless of how one feels about the French Revolution, Reflections on the Revolution in France is a book that is exempt an important read.

Reflections of the Past Essay -- French Revolution, French Politics, B

Edmund Burke is considered one of the most influential intellectuals, best known for criticising the French revolution in his 1790 publication, Reflections on the veer in France. It is a book that has been the topic of a variety of debates and disagreements, but has always had the distinction of being able to influence a number of dissimilar groups, including the classic liberal. The text criticizes the French revolution on a number of different principles. One of Burkes main problems with the revolution is that the revolutionary leaders attempted to change the entirety of Frances political system overnight rather than take it gradually and change things one by one. He claims that the New France has little chance of succeed (230) because of what he sees as impulsive. He also states that, innovation is not reform, which also requires reflection (119). He comp bes this to the view the philosophers, where the approach lacked realism during a time when abstractness could be fatal. Th e complete abolition of the entire political system in 1789 ended with an immense amount of confusion during transformation. The prior political system, Feudalism, was declared void and so the entirety of the governmental institutions was dissolved. This includes the army, the local government, the judicial system and the clergy. This all relates to the political ideology of the philosophers, which held that a revolution was good at destruction, but not so good at the rebuilding process. Though it is debateable if Burkes critique of the revolution was right or wrong, the even did stimulate him to devise his political ideology. His ability to insinuate rational points of politics makes this a rather important book. The main idea behind this ... ...ore spectacle rather then substance (283), which isnt what France needs. Instead there is a issue assembly that Burke states isnt qualified to form a government and which will eventually become more extreme (374).In Burkes opinion, Franc e made a lot of mistakes when they revolted against their king and country. For society to be liberty it requires wisdom, which then requires virtue (373), both which Burke believes the France are missing. He ends his book commending Britian on the basis of longstanding existence and reforms (375) or the ability to gradually change the country for the better, much more so because many of the past reforms were an attempt to recover past privileges and traditions, which are positive. Regardless of how one feels about the French Revolution, Reflections on the Revolution in France is a book that is still an important read.

Communication Is A Two Way Flow Essay

Communication is a two mien flow of conversation where something is achieved e.g information effective communication is important in health and companionable premeditation because through communication which is listening and talking you can make a better relationship with invitee. effective communication can make you understand your client emotions and timbreings for example if a nurse is having a conversion with a patient role and the nurse seem friendly , have positive body languages and interacting well, the patient is apt(predicate) to open up to the nurse and discuss any worry that he/she is facing, which lead to better relationship. when communicating you need to show that youre interested in what the individual is takeing, the more you look interested the more the person is going to trust and open up you. In health and social pull off you conk with patient, colleague and other professionals for example if you were a doctor and you want to refer a patient to a surgeo n, you would have to talk to the surgeon to sort the patient operation.Conjunction with colleague us important because if you have a good relationship colleagues it would make the work a better place and make patients feel comfortable because they can sense if staffs are getting along. There are different types of communication informal and formal. informal this is used between family and friends. Different social groups use different informal language to circulate so it might be hard for other people to understand. formal this is used in health and social care for example if you went to a work they would say good morning, how IIvan I help thus us to show that they respect you. multi agency working. functional with other professional for example GP ,hospital returns enquire formal communication. non verbal communication is communicating without speaking, like facial expressions, sign language, gestures, eye contact, billet and tone of voice, this kind of communication can somet imes speak louder than words. Written communication, This is central to the work of any person providing a value in a health and social care purlieu when keeping records and in writing reports. Different types of communication need different styles of writing but all require literacy skills. A more formal style of writing is needed when recording information about a patient. It would be unacceptable to use text centre abbreviations, such as l8er.Effective communication, including active listening, can be hard work. Peoplewho work in health or social care environments race to enjoy learning about other people and their lives. Things can go wrong, however, if the context is wrong, e.g. the surroundings are unsuitable due to lack of privacy the service provider and service user are mismatched. Sometimes communication breaks down because of factors such as age,education level, gender and ethnic background a person withholds information because they fear being judged, for example, th ey have taken illegal drugs a person fears that confidentiality allow for be broken, even though this should never happen, for example, about their intimate orientation the service user thinks that the advice given is too vague and has non asked for clarification the subject matter is embarrassing, such as talking about stimulate or intimate body parts a person fears they are going to hear bad news so avoids going to a service provider until it is too late to help.If health and social care workers do not develop good communication skills, the effectiveness of their work will be reduced and things can go wrong. This will not help service users to feel good about themselves and can lead to worse consequences. Remember, it is important to get the hang problems such as those listed above, communicate effectively, including checking understanding, so that you get the best out of your interactions with colleagues and service users.Formal or InformalGroup conversations are more formal, illumine and straight forward, eye contact, listening to everyone, pronociation Informal is less formal, dont have to speak loudly, back and forward talking, more personalArgyles theory of the communication cycle centres on six core concepts, or, a cycle. The cycle is as follows1. An idea occurs. For example, let us say that our idea is wanting to buy acar.2. Message coded. This would be us putting our desire of a car into whatever medium we wish to communicate with. This may be a language, pictures, writing, or any other medium you can think of.3. Message sent. Here we have communicated our desire for wanting a car.4. Message veritable. The person or perhaps target audience we wish to notify of our desire to have a car perhaps a parental figure has received our message.5. Message decoded. They now must take what we have said and attempt to decode it. Now, I want a car is pretty straightforward, but remember, not everyone is as transparent as this, and this is the step where comm unication breakdown may occur as they may decode our message incorrectly.6. Message understood. Hopefully the be step was effective and they understand what you were trying to communicate. Now the cycle can begin anew.Burnard and MorrisonAccording to the Philip Burnard and Paul Morrison (1997), A lot of communication in care work involves building a relationship with the service user. This involves giving them emotional support which builds trust. They also argued that communication without caring for the person in some way would not be able to work. Service users that go through emotional issues i.e. A teenager being sexual abused by a spring chicken worker, is often at first a difficult and sharp issue to talk about has a social worker for example. Any difficult and sensitive issues should focus on the emotional needs of the service user rather than giving out advice and information that is not needed since it is not needed since the service user is already likely to be overwhe lmed with grief. In health and social care setting, Professionals should always try be supportive within difficult situations since this will help would towards making effective communication start between theprofessional and the service user.TuckmanThe environment can affect how well a communication goes, if the environment is a distraction it can cause a conversation to not flow very well, however the environment could help create a cincerarion.

Kids Health Essay

1.1- Explain what it dream ups to have a province of bang in own work role.1.2- Explain how a duty of reverence contributes to safeguarding or protection of individuals.Having a duty of cargon is an obligation to a headmaster, a tyke and family. Any family placing a sister at bottom an early days setting should nonion that stave members go away presume full c be of their electric razor and that they leave alone be safe. Any professional caring for a child would be held responsible if the minimum standard of c atomic number 18 is not met. If a duty of care is not met in a role that requires it, then the responsible individual raise be held accountable for solelyowing negligence to occur.Meggit (2011)Providing a duty of care to a child is to control that they are at no harm. This would mean that a professional would film to be aware of giving the child right add to stick toher of attention, watching for potential hazards and making wise choices in the steps taken t o ensure a childs safety. There are legislations that early years setting must take full consideration of when proving a duty of care. Such as the chela Care Act 2006. This act incorporates the welfare standards in which all staff who look after children under the age of 8 should comply with. In September 2008 it became a legal responsible for care givers to ensure that all provisions are met. The welfare requirements of this are that within setting there should be an large to child ratio.E genuinely child matters used to be a government requirement but now it is guidance. This framework serves to safeguard and protect children. This framework says that children must beSafeHealthyAchieve economicallyContribute to society positivelyEnjoy lifeSafeguarding is very pregnant within any early years setting. Safeguarding athletic supporters to protect children from malnutrition and negligence. Some safeguarding procedures within my own work placement are signing in and out books and ev eryday security checks. This means on my arrival I am asked to drink my student ID or any other form to prove who I am. I cannot enter the child care setting at all, as all doors are controlled from the office inside. All doors are kept locked, and have pin locks on them. This ensures that even if an adult was able to get into the setting doors would be sealed. wizard example of duty of care not being given is almost a small girl that died. Molly Cunliffe was unlawfully killed, in a babys room setting, in July 2007 when she was left in the care of an unqualified 17-year old student. The 16 month old child choked on a cloth root word tie when in her cot. Mr. Cunliffe says that This is the result in unforgivable negligence and the needless death of our daughter Molly.Nursery world (10/3/2014)There are a number of ways that providing a duty of care contributes to the safe guarding or protection of individuals. These includeAdult to child ratiosProceduresIndoor and open-air(prenomi nal) checksSecurity checks (ID), sign in and out bookTrained first aidersUnqualified staff of all time supervisedUniformCCTVCRB/DBS checksCounting children on a regular basis/ registersLook belongings away/ phones locked awayVisitor badgeOn arrival at my placement I am allow in when a member of staff recognises me. I am then instantly told to sign myself in and security check to ensure that I am who I say I am. This means I need to present my student ID. This help oneselfs to protect children from st hustle population coming into the building. The setting is in any case a looked premises. This helps staff to love who is in the building. When arriving into my room, I am asked to sign into the room. Children are in addition signed in and out of the room. Children are also counted regular end-to-end the day. This ensures that no child is missing.When going to placement I am expected to wear my uniform. On my uniform its states when I am from and when course I am doing. With my un iform I am asked to wear a student badge. This helps to protect children because they are aware that I am supposed to be there. Adults and nourishs can also see that I am working with their children for a reason and that I am no danger.When arriving at placement I place all my items in a locker. This has to havemy phone in and any other valuables. This ensures safeguarding because it prevents me and other professionals from taking photographs of children or adding confidential information on social networking sites.Procedures such as accident, illness and injury forms help to protect children and members of staff. These forms are kept confidential but parents are able to look at these records as and when they like. It also protects staff from allegations.At my placement they have CCTV and open nappy changing rooms. CCTV helps to ensure that all children are protected and are always visible to staff. This can help when an adult or child may falsify an allegation. Open changing roo ms help protect children and their confidentiality. CCTV means that staff are visible at all times but children being changed cannot be seen on the camera.As I am an unqualified adult in the setting, I am always supervised by qualified members of staff. This protects children because they will always be supervised by someone that they know and feel safe around. There is also a trained first aider within the setting that will be able to assist when a child is injured.2.1- Describe potential conflicts or dilemmas that may hold up between the duty of care and the individuals rights.Everyone is entitled to their basic human rights. These are the right to food, shelter, health care, safety and protection from abuse. Children in in the main(prenominal) will not be able to stand up for themselves. United Nations drew up a charter The United Convention on the rights of a child.The Children and Young Persons Act 1933 consolidated all existing child protection work at that time into one ac tChild protection (17/11/11)The children and young peoples act 1933 imposes a criminal responsibilityfor adults. This means that if an adult chooses to leave their child in the care of someone, and something was to recover, they would be held responsible. Choosing inadequate care for a child would be seen as neglect.Potential dilemmas or conflicts that could arise within a setting could beA childs appearance and hygiene Dirty clothes, unkempt, smellyConstant and unexplained bruises and injuriesChange in personality and behaviour Changing from quiet to very unsettled or aggressive.Dramatic change in weigh, food problems Change in appetite or stealing food.Continuously saying and reporting things that happen Telling members of staff that they have been hit.Dilemmas or conflict would be managed within setting by arranging regular meetings. This wouldnt just focus on a childs concerns but also a childs achievements. Regular meetings would keep a parent updated in any changes. This also offers an opportunity for professionals to support a parent if they need the support and advice.Policies and procedures such as confidentiality and safeguarding are always available for parents to read and understand. Parents would read and sign the policies and procedures to assign that they understand and agree with what they settings do in relevance to safeguarding and providing a duty of care to their child. Having policies and procedures helps to ensure that that parents are fully informed of any action they would need to take if an issue was bought up. Although professionals will keep things confidential, if a child is at risk someone else would needs to be informed. Forms and information regarding a parents child are always available for them to read.Professionals will build up a strong trust worthy relationship with parents and child so that they feel any issues or concerns can be dealt with calmly. This will help to ensure that if conflict does happen, the adults knows th at they are talking to someone that trust them, understands them and will offer professional advice.Some situations such as behaviour, health and safety and confidentiality can or may cause conflict. These may arise between an individuals rights and the duty of care.Confidentiality The possible risk may be that the child is a risk of significant harm. Itisnt always possible to keep confidentiality if concerns are raised about a childs safety. If confidentiality is broken, conflict could arise though losing the trust of the parent. Ways of managing the risks are settings having policies and procedures regarding confidentiality and safeguarding. Parents should be aware of the procedures professionals may need to take when a concern is bought up.Health and safety A health and safety risk may be a child being left un supervised at home alone. This could but the child in serious danger. Also if a child is regularly absent for nursery/school, this could cause a concern. Ways of managing t he risks are to offer guidance and support to adult/parents about breakfast clubs and after school clubs. Additional support could be giving them leaflets to help with financial and child care cost.Behaviour If a child has a dramatic change in behaviour for example changing from very calm to unsettled or aggressive, could be signs of a further medical condition such as ADHD. It can also affect a childs learning and education if they are progressively finding it hard to concentrate on activities or group reading time. A way settings would manage this would be to have a good behavioural management and to speak to parents about there prefer way of dealing with bad behaviour. If a setting felt thata parents behaviour management wasnt affective enough, professionals could other strategies.2.3- Explain where to get additional support and advice about conflicts and dilemmas.There is a wide range of additional support that can offer advice about conflicts and dilemmas such as LEA (Local Ed ucational Authority) This authority offers advice on special educational needs. They are educational advisors. These advisors will draw up an individual plan for a child. This should be reviewed every year. The special educational needs coordinator (SENCO) will work in partner shit with settings, children and parents to find the right support the child needs. Parents should be involved in developing the individuals educational plan, and the child should also get the chance for input.Young Minds (2014)Another place professionals can get additional advice from is health services such as school nurses and play therapists. School nurses not only deal with children being ill, they also have an important role in promoting good health. School nurses do vision and hearing screenings and a children how to take care of themselves.Kids Health (2014)School nurses also work with children with special needs such as diabetes and teachthem about their condition and monitor them while they are in t he setting. Nurses give patients and families compassionate support when they need it.A play therapist also whole kit and caboodle with children that may have problems such as way out through bereavements, family breakups and separationIllness or disabilityExperienced neglect and abuseChildren with low self esteem and anxiety issuesPlay therapist will adapt to suit individual needs and appropriate age. Play therapist helps children to explore their feelings and emotions and make sense of them. Play therapists work with children through role play, arresting play and different toys to help build a trust relationship between them.Social service work closely in partnership to help advise about conflict and dilemmas. Social services have a statutory obligation to safeguard and promote the welfare of vulnerable children and can issue a wide range of services to children and their parents.Family lives (2014)Charities offer addition support to practitioners and advise through different g roups of people. Some charities that offer addition support areBarnadosNSPCCSave the childrenNoahs arch bereavement supportThe NSPCC (National Society For Prevention Of cruelty To Children.) offer addition support through a help line. They are a 24 hour service. This allows practitioners to discuss child pretention concerns. They also offer and information service where practitioners can find out changes in child protection policies, practice and research.Noahs ark is a charity based on offer support to children with limited or life threatening illness. This charity works closely in partnership with families and other agencies by offering flexible support. They help families live positively and support them through bereavement. They offer emotional and strong-arm support through the childs life.3.1- Describe how to respond to complaints.When responding to complaints, there are things practitioners should and should not do.Should Practitioners should always remain in a professional m anor. This would mean following set procedures and remaining calm when dealing with any complaints made. It is also important so that bonds and relationships are not broken.Remaining confidential is very important. community remain confidential to avoid conflict. The only time when confidentiality is broken is when there is a safeguarding issue. Following the confidentiality procedure will prevent people taking sides and gossip about the situation.It is important that practitioner always explain the importance of the issue. This means making people aware of what is going on. By following policies and procedures, the situation can be resolved.When responding to complaints, good body language will sight that a practitioner is listening to what the other person has to say. Being attentive will show that their views are being listened to and understood. Making eye contact and informs the speaker that they are being listened to and will show that they are empathising them. . people wi ll usually make eye contact as a signal that they are ready to listen.Meggit (2011)Shouldnt - When responding to complaints there are many things that practitioners should not do. Practitioners should not dismiss peoples opinions and views. This can cause them to feel threatened and make them think that their views and opinion are not valued.Do not interrupt when the other person is speaking. This can seem rude and make them feel that they are in the wrong. All opinions should be valued and dealt with fairly.Practitioners should not be judgemental. If people are judged they may feel that their opinion is being dismissed and they are in the wrong.Practitioners should never compare. If an individual is compare to another can make them feel out casted and different. It is important to remember that all children are different and develop at different stages. No child is unable to do something they areworking towards achieving it.3.2- Explanation of main points of agreed procedures for h andling complaints.Policies and procedures All early years settings will have policies and procedures for making complaints. This will make people aware that if they have complaints to make they know where to go and how it will be dealt with.Have relevant forms for complaint makings. This will allow the setting to deal with the complaint quickly and effectively. All complaints should be handle as important no matter what the complaint is about. When a complaint is made, it should be dealt with immediately. This will prevent the situation getting worst.Depending on the seriousness of complaint, it would be made to the manager or a named person. For example the safeguarding officer, governors or local authorities. If the report is made against the manager is should be taken to the person next in command.A meeting should be help separately for the relevant people to talk about the situation. This meeting should be held in privacy. Both staff/adult should be allowed a witness with them so that they feel safe. During a meeting notes should be taken on the situation, but they should always be repeated and explained.No meeting should end without an action or review date. This could be signing an agreement of the action taken and to agree that they complaint has been resolved.

The European Union Sets Guaranteed Prices to Farmers

The European gist sets guaranteed prices to farmers for agricultural products. This is in order to aid production. Show how this fanny happen with a supply and demand diagram. The provision of food is extremely signifi endt for the human well-being so agricultural marts have always been treat in a different way by governments. There are various factors on which the success of farmers depends. It is not a simple production that inescapably a certain amount of resources to manufacture a certain amount of products which will bring expected profits.Variable determinants of the agricultural market homogeneous the withstand or natural disasters create a situation in which in order to maintain a particular amount of food available on the market, governments encourage farmers to produce more. They tend to do it in a similar way, often, by providing them with subsidies and setting guaranteed prices of the products. Pic. 1. This diagram shows us the correlation between the supply and dem and curves in the kitchen-gardening sector. Both of them are quite inelastic, because of a constant need for agricultural products and their regular provision.We can see that the scanty of supply is cause by the encouraging policy of the EU, increasing the competition among the farmers. This leads to a greater supply which is often far above the real demand. The difficult matter to solve for regime is setting the actual minimum price, because the consumers would obviously prefer a lower price than the farmers. This leads to many misunderstandings and mistakes in the chain of concuring the agricultural production. The European Union decided to create a whole system of subsidies for the farmers.However, to maintain the food safety within its borders, the EU established guaranteed prices for products. This particular system of intervention is called the plebeian Agricultural Policy, The CAP. The farming sector is protected and purposefully kept stable. The most important aim of CA P is to sustain regular supplies from the farming branch. Bad weather conditions or natural disasters usually harm the harvest and decrease the amount of agricultural products. To maintain a particular amount of food available on the market, he EU decided to encourage farmers to grow more crops, developing the competition among them, but what is even more important, increasing the number of suppliers. This means that loosely more products are available, even in extreme situations. Guaranteed prices also allow to keep farmers income during good harvest when prices would be driven down and protect consumers corpse incredibly high prices during a bad harvest. Moreover, more farmers are assured that they do not really risk their expected income and they develop their methods of growing.Provided with generous subsidies, they can invest more capital to increase their long term profit. Such a situation results as a higher productivity and efficiency of the farming sector. On the other han d, extended usage of lands is a cause of ruining the environment. Overdeveloped sense of competition among the suppliers leads to more crops being grown, and more lands being used. Most farmers intimately avoid an environmental laws and limitations which are not really executed. Regular polluting waters and grounds with overdosing insecticides result as a natural catastrophe and are not survivable for the local fauna and flora.Furthermore, such actions undertaken by the EU led to overproduction. Because of an extremely high number of suppliers, the market was overwhelmed with products. As a result, governments were forced to sell the excess onto the world market and by doing it, they harmed farmers form countries that do not provide such support. Most of them, developing countries, whose economy is based on the farming sector, were instantly defeated on the market, finding it impossible to compete with such a system, because the prices offered by Europeans were too low for them to sustain their regular income.To sum up, guaranteed prices strongly support farmers in the European Union, maintaining the provision of food at a sufficient level. However, over-usage of such a way to encourage them to be more efficient and competitive, leads to problems like environment pollution and threatening developing countries. Moreover, in long term such actions harm the interest of consumers, who cannot benefit from any changes on the agricultural market and even expect lower prices from massive suppliers.

Reproductive Health Bill Essay

RH Bill would be a beneficial equity to the realm. It bequeath further implement the population control of our country, strengthen the health of the people, specifically, the women, and educate the citizens, especially the teenagers, regarding internality, responsible family planning, maternal care and such.Responsible Parenthood and generative health set of 2012, commonly known as Reproductive Health Bill, provides access to responsible family planning methods such as contraceptives, birth control pills, IUDs and other tie in family planning devices. It alike strengthens the over-all health of the countrymen, especially women, with the widespread distribution of the said devices. Furthermore, it provides education concerning depend uponuality, population limitation and responsible parenthood. With the third and final reading of this bill, it had been deep passed into law last December 17, 2012. Thirteen senators and wholeness-hundred thirty three congressmen voted in acc ordance to the said bill.This law had always been a controversial issue in our county. Endless debates, divided into pros and antis, were disseminated among the region. Pros argued that nonstop births overdue to lack of education concerning sexual and reproductive health and family planning causes people to put their health and future at stake. In addition, they have deficient income which causes the family non to receive their basic needs which are education, food, shelter and full support for their futures. This overpopulation leave behind in turn be a hindrance to the countrys progression. On the other side, continuous opposition of the antis, led by Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines, regarding immorality of the alleged law contradicts their ghostly beliefs. According to them, this law allows pre-marital sex before marriage with the prevention of pregnancy. This corrupts the morality of the soul of each individual, based on the Churchs teachings. However, the pa lpable issue does not reside in our personal interests and beliefs.The future of our country and the next generation is being risked if we leave put first into account our religious principles. We need action. Our country has already suffered and engulfed enough from poverty. This poverty can only be resolved with the control in population, education and assurance of the health of the citizens. Reproductive Health Bill pull up stakes definitely be the answer to our countrys dilemma for years. Reproductive Health Law will be a practical solution for the countrys drawbacks to economic progress. How? First, population limitation will be instigated throughout the country. Currently, Philippines is ranked 12th as the most inhabit country in the world. Actually, our country is fortunate because it is surrounded with abundant water and land resources, just sufficient for our needs. However, with exponentially increasing population every year, the fork up of these resources will keep on diminishing. If this continues, we will experience the never-ending cycle of poverty.As I research, I found out that Thailand, one of our neighboring countries, had a population of 65.5 million while our country had 92.3 million. We had an estimated GDP per capita of $4,214, while Thailands GDP per capita is twofold of ours, $9,396. It may be concluded that population is also one of the factors that will affect the economic development of our country. The more the population is, the lesser the chances to prosper. Given that the highest population growth rate is among the poor because of lack of education somewhat family spacing and insufficient income, it will be expected that the other kidskinren will not be provided with right education and other appropriate needs. With these, they will not contribute well in the labor force of our country. And if ever they were able to work, their mere involvement is not enough to acquire their needs. This law aims to achieve their coveted fe rtility goals depending on their needs, principles and beliefs. With the right family size, parents can feed and support their children.Also, with the use of the legally and medically safe contraceptives, birth control will be a tool to terminate overpopulation, which will at long last help our country to advance economically. In addition, by means of this law, proper maintenance of the over-all health of the citizens will also be upheld by the government. Government will support and promote reproductive health services, maternal care, particularly, for the women, and of course, responsible parenthood for the parents. Problems regarding reproductive health services were cited by Sen. Pia Cayetano, chair of the Senate committees on health and demography and youth, women and children. Many poor mothers were having difficulty to avail contraceptives because local government units have passed laws forbidding the use of contraceptives. As stated by her, these were one of the reasons why these mothers are forced to send the child to relatives, giving up their children to a rich neighbor and leaving their child in a basket in front of the door of the church. This bill would be a great help especially to the poor because it provides access to medically-safe, legal, cheap and quality natural and modern family planning methods (sec. 2).In addition, studies show that contraceptives lower the rates of abortion, infertility, complications during childbirth, unwanted pregnancy and prevention of sexually-transmitted diseases. Due to these, people will be productive and be a great contribution to the countrys economic progress. Lastly, education concerning sexuality, responsible family planning and other reproductive health issues will be included in the process. Before, the Philippine Catholic Bishops disagree to have sex education in schools. They said that it is the responsibility of the parents to educate their children about it. However, do parents really understand th e concept of sex? Will it be effective to teach their children about it if sex is a taboo because of our conservative culture? If the parents were not knowledgeable enough about sex, it will lead to confusion and curiosity of the children. Naturally, parents will teach their children not to have sex before marriage, but due to our modern society, the children will be tempted to do it.So, why not educate them beforehand in an effective way? This law, as stated in Sec. 12, will provide Reproductive Health Education in an age-appropriate manner taught by adequately trained teachers starting from Grade 5 up to Fourth division High school. It will benefit the youth to have this education because the period of adolescence usually starts at the age of a 5th grader. Empirical studies conducted by the fall in Nations and other countries show that there are numerous benefits to the youth when Reproductive Health education would be part in their school curriculum. Proper sexual values would instill in the minds of the young which will lead to discipline and abstinence in having sexual intercourse. Several sexual partners will be avoided and eventually will prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Likewise, they will also be knowledgeable enough how to prevent early pregnancy. With the right learning and values, they will in turn be an asset for the welfare of the country.Doesnt every woman deserve the right to have a safe pregnancy and a baby thats born healthy? I believe this is a very basic human right, Katya Matanovic said. Indeed, Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012 will be an advantage to our country. It encourages population control, supports proper reproductive health care of the residents and provides education to the citizens, especially the youth, who will soon be the strength of our country someday. With the passing of this law, people should maximize the benefits given by this law. The problems involving serious population growth, deaths due to childbirth and pregnancy complications and deficit education regarding the true concept of sex will soon be solved by this law.

Euro Disney: from Dream to Nightmare (1987-1994)

For years, the Disney Theme Park Empire was built upon three crown jewels located in California, Florida, and Japan. Combining the familiar, family-friendly characters and images upon which the Disney reputation was built. With clean and thoroughly-operated theme set helped Disney set new standards for efficient, friendly customer receipts in the theme park industry. Its parks became major international tourist attractions. However, when Euro Disney opened in capital of France in 1992, the standard prototype of Disney theme parks ran into trouble.Tackling the many problems faced by Euro Disney operations has posed many new challenges to Disney, forcing them to reconsider their standard model for success. Disney must find ways to adapt their theme park model in a manner which preserves the best of Disney. 9. 1 The challenges facing Euro Disney earliest hopes for a similar success soured soon after Euro Disney opened, and the experience of opening Euro Disney delivered unexpect ed surprises to Disney management. The park soon encountered several major problems AttendanceDisneys consulting tauten has projected first year park attendance to range between 11. 7 and 17. 8 million attendees. To be cautious, Disney used the littlest figures and predicted eleven million attendees. age initial hotel bookings at the theme park during the summer looked promising, as the theme park entered its first winter, bookings dropped to twenty percent or less of monthly projects. Staffing Staffing shortages created a negative cycle in which extra workloads on employees resulted in increased turnover, which in turn hurt Disneys ability to retain and develop its employees.Poor mating relations caused by reactions to Disneys exacting requirements for dress and appearance, such as a ban on facial hair and colored stockings, as well as to Disneys high standards of customer service, further hurt their ability to attract employees. Customer Service Euro Disney was failing to deliv er the high level of customer service standard to Disney theme parks, as well as failing to go forth the service needs that were unique to the European market.Many employees failed to conform to the high standards of customer service that were expected in Disney theme parks. Lack of local management and autonomy Walt Disney Company owned a 49% share in Euro Disney. This resulted in management by remote control, in which decisions were often made by people who were far removed from the day-to-day operations of the park, and who did not have a strong understanding of the culture and the market. 9. 2 Recommendations Upon reviewing the key problems faced by Euro Disney, there are several issues which require attention.These include Improving customer service Accommodations and services should be made to better fit the needs and desires of the multi-lingual and multi-cultural European customer base. Greater efforts should be made to identify and retain employees that are congenial with the corporate values of Disney with regards to customer service. Decentralize management Disney should hire local consultants to leave alone insight of local governmental ordinances, as well as custom that the business should follow.Decision making should be more decentralized, away from the U. S. parent company. Procedures should be made specifically for France. Communications with its employees and the overall morale among employees have to be improved. Options to cover the housing shortage should be explored to allow workers to live closer to the theme park. In addition, Disney should make a greater effort to increase the diversity of its workforce, to provide a better level of service for visitors from outside of France.Better culture adaptation and understanding of the European market Disney must better understand and meet the divergent habits, expectations, and needs of the European theme park visitors. In addition, a greater role should be given to European investors in p lanning and decision making, to provide more of a European perspective in managing the operations of the theme park. Maintain operational flexibility As the organization is still dealing with a large range of unknowns, flexible problem-solving attitudes should be encouraged to help allow Disney to learn and adapt to its new environment.Disney has achieved a strong market position in other locations, and there is no reason to believe the organization cannot achieve a similar success in Europe, provided it is willing to make the same long-term commitment. Develop more realistic planning Plans for a second point should not have been allowed to advance until such time that the problems facing the first phase were corrected, giving them a more secure base of knowledge upon which plans and decisions could be made. Otherwise, the company risks duplicating and compounding the problems encountered with its first phase.

Angela McRobbie’s Analysis of Jackie Essay

This essay will be exploring Angela McRobbies analysis of Jackie and why the magazine has seen a radical found popularity in recent years. Jackie was a popular British weekly teenage girls magazine published by Scottish company D.C. Thomson which was published from 1964 up until 1993. It was named after the childrens author Jacqueline Wilson who worked for D.C. Thomson at the time. The magazine was most popular with girls in the age range of 10 to 14. Before Jackie made its debut, magazines aimed at teenaged girls were norm al whizy trance orientated comic strips such as Mirabelle, Romeo and Valentine. Although Jackie did indeed feature amorous stories, they were not the main focus of the magazine. Features that had normally previously featured only in womens magazines such as problem pages, emotional state pages, readers truthful life stories, and hair and beauty advice were now introduced to a teenage population. thusly Jackie was written by the womens magazine de disunitem ent of D.C.Thomson rather than the one cogitate on childrens comics such as The Beano and The Dandy. Taking all this into consideration, it could be argued that Jackie provided the blue print for the modern teenage girls magazines. In her analysis, McRobbie says she feels that Jackie tapped into the biological nature of teenage girls, when they start to become more singular nigh their changing bodies and start to show an interest in the opposite sex. The Cathy and Claire problem pages were a popular feature with readers of the magazine, and many problems readers wrote in with mainly focused on boys and other common problems that come hand in hand with growing up. McRobbie believes that one purpose of the magazine was to prepare girls for the brief flowering catch that many young working gradation women in that time had before spousals but after they had just left school and started work and so had freedom and a disposable income to go out with their friends to pubs and dance s and buy adult items such as clothes and make-up.Richard Hoggart discusses this period in his analysis of working class teenage girls in his book The Uses of Literacy. One feature Jackie was famous for was its photo stories that provided a stepping stone to fame for celebrities such as Fiona Bruce and Hugh Grant, which were unremarkably of a romantic nature, in the style thought to appeal to the young women of the target audience. These provided girls with a romantic ideal which McRobbie discusses in her analysis of the magazine, McRobbie believes that young girls are conditioned to seek romantic basedrelationships instead of sexual ones and that romantic stories similar the ones that featured in Jackie and other magazines aimed at teenaged girls at the time helped to reinforce this. Again, these can search comically clichd and dated by the standards of today.In fact, one of the reasons that Jackie may have regained popularity is that this style of article, although probably rea sonable at the time written, expect or so laughable and maybe withal politically incorrect by todays standards (for example one article featured in The Best of Jackie one-year on ways how to attract boys suggests that a girl should try sitting on a park bench looking tearful, and a fashion feature refers to plus sized girls as fatties and very slim girls as being stick like). To many people in 2012, these almost seem like satire. Indeed, on the popular bookselling website Amazon, The Best of Jackie Annual and its spinoffs such as Dear Cathy and Claire The Best of Your Favourite Problem Page can be found under the sub-category Humour.A feature that can be found in The Best of Jackie Annual, which had previously been published as a part of an actual Jackie Christmas annual, on how to survive Christmas parties advises the readers to be wary of drunken bosses and uncles making passes at them. This is disturbingly mentioned in a casual and almost light hearted fashion, like it is a common occurrence to be expected, and perhaps even tolerated. The idea of a girl so young being put in a vulnerable position with a much older man, especially one who is in a position of authority or a relative, would be marvelous to be treated in this fashion today. This article may appear humorous to some people in a dark way, simply because it is so shocking and highly inappropriate by todays standards. Another reason why Jackie may have seen a new increase in popularity is because older women, who would have been readers of Jackie in the past, may want to look back at their youth and remember a much simpler time before they had children to annoyance over, bills to pay, jobs (or lack of them) and mortgages.Looking back on the past is something which has always been very popular with people and becomes more common during times of economic recession, like the one Britain (and Europe in general) has been struggling with in recent years. There are numerous discussions on the intern et in forums with older women talking fondly about their experiences and memories of reading Jackie. When Jackie stopped being published in 1993, D.C. Thomson realised a new magazine aimed at teenaged girls called Shout,which could possibly be seen by some people as a rebranding of Jackie. Shout is still being published today and I compared a recent copy of Shout from May 2012 to a copy of Jackie from June 1981. Both magazines feature a celebrity on the front cover, with Shout having Cheryl Cole and Jackie having Adam Ant, and both also have tampon adverts on the back covers. A similar layout to that which Jackie used, and which McRobbie discusses in Jackie An Ideology of Adolescent Femininity, is used in Shout.Problem pages, fashion pages, celebrity gossip, hair and beauty advice, pin-ups of attractive male celebrities, horoscopes and readers true-life stories all feature in both magazines, although there are clear generational differences in these articles between the two magazin es. Advice given in the problem pages of Shout is more c at a timerned with more serious issues such as sex and alcohol abuse and also offers career advice. In the eld of Jackies popularity girls were not often encouraged to stay on to do further education after the compulsory school leaving age and usually got married at an age which would be considered very young today, whereas today many girls go on to go to college and university and choose to put off marriage and having children to a later stage in life, if they opt to at all.Jackie also contained sewing and knitting patterns, which are things which are no longer common hobbies with teenaged girls today. This is likely due to fashionable clothing being sold cheaply in supermarkets and high-street stores such as Primark and Asda. The popularity of teenage magazines is currently on the decline, with many once popular magazines no longer being published. This is possibly due to the fact that the features of teenage magazines such as celebrity gossip, hair and beauty tips and updates on the a la mode(p) fashions are readily available on the internet. Even if a young girl finds herself in need of advice there are now websites such as Yahoo Answers, Girls Ask Guys and Answerbag where she will be able to get (possibly dubious) responses to her question quickly from a variety of people across the world and there is also websites set up by charities offering advice on more serious matters such as abuse, bullying, drugs and sexual health.It is also worth having a brief look at the context of the magazines existence, with the early-mid 1960s being a reasonable period of progress in Britain. In the nation of Labour loss leader Harold Wilsons white heat (Sandbrook, 2005737) a nation still getting over the war, butproudly (if cautiously) advancing in what historian Dominic Sandbrook called a new era of creativity and progress (Sandbrook, 2005737) it is only natural that Britains young women would have a need for th eir own entertainment and place for advice. While it is true that this is not the intended focus of the essay, such a background should not be ignored, and may go some way towards explaining the magazines ultimate demise(arguably, rebranding) in the very different world of the 1990s.

The Conelly’s bond with Roan Inish

The film directed by John Sayles The Secret of Roan Inish is a captivating story about an Irish family The Coneellys. The familys splice to the island of Roan Inish and the seals that reside nearby is saveional and mystifying. Why are the Coneellys so drawn to the island? The familys roots on Roan Inish commencement ceremony far back with Fionas great great great grandfather Sean Michael who arrives on the island on a prayer. other Coneelly Liam, solidifies the connection to Irish island through his pairing to Nula.Finally the loss of Fionas brother Jaime at Roan Inish keeps the island on the mind of the family almost constantly. The Coneellys attachment to the Island of Roan Inish is firmly rooted by several factors. One of the most meaning(a) factors of this revolves around the oldest known member of the family, Sean Michael. Sean Michael was aboard a fishing vessel that capsized drowning all of the Coneelly fishermen on board except Sean Michael. As the legend tells it Sean Michael had such a strong soul the sea would not take him.Seals rescued Sean Michael and took him to the island of Roan Inish where he colonized and single handedly rebuilt the Coneelly family. Another pivotal member of the family is Liam. On the island everyone is family and when it comes time to view a mate the men leave Roan Inish to find their bride. Young Liam indeed left the island to find his bride on an island not far away he came across a selkie a half wo homophile, half seal creature. As the legend tells it a man who is able to keep the skin of a seklie will have her affection forever.Liam took that advice seriously and captured the skin and then rightfully gained her affection. They eventually bore children. Their love of the sea was constant Nula even suggested they build a cradle for their newborn from wood that once sailed the sea. This cradle was passed down through the Coneelly family for years to come and used as a bassinet for each new Coneelly family member. Eve ntually Nula comes to realize Liam has been keeping her seal skin at this point she returns to the sea except the seals always seem to deterrent close to the island of Roan Inish.Once Nula returns to the sea the Coneellys ban the hunting of seals. This is a solid symbolic bond amidst the Island, Seals and the Family. Finally the last important factor for the family connection to the island is that of young Jaime, Fionas brother. After Fiona is told the story about Jaimes disappearance she becomes obsessed with the idea that Jaime is alive. Fiona makes two trips to Roan Inish before convert the other family members Jamie exists. On the first trip she is brought to the island by Hugh.Fiona spends a fair amount of time on the island and then spies Jamie in a field. She tries to summon Jamie but he runs away, gets into the family bassinet which he is using as a boat and drifts away. On Fionas second trip to the island her boat mysteriously becomes untied from the dock. The boat seems to be lead to the island by way of the Seals. Fiona sees Jamie again and confirms that he is being cared for by the seals. This is another paramount symbol of a strong connection between the Coneelly family and the island.The bond between the Coneelly family and Roan Inish is steadfast and strong. Their ties between the seals and the island run deep. Sean Michaels colonization of the island starts the great tie between the family, island and seals. Liams marriage Nula strengthens the relationship with the seals and symbolizes the connection between the two. The seals overseeing and caring for Jamie after the Coneellys left the island proves that the seals and family are one. Theese clues demonstrates that the Coneelly family belongs on the Island of Roan Inish where the seals and family can live together.

Itchy and Scratchy cartoon Essay

The purpose of this study is to plow the extent to which The Simpsons is representative of Ameri buns family and social values. I will discuss how to each ane member of the Simpsons family behaves, as well as highlighting what may be socially expected of them. Secondly, I will come across how the Simpsons family interacts with the surrounding community, concentrating initiateicularly on the images that they portray. In order to do this, I will examine the repair codes and conventions of the series to march how the characters work together in the whole scheme of thingsIntroduction Set in the north-western Illinois town of Springfield, The Simpsons is an animated sit-com about the day-to-day tribulations of a disfunctional lower-middle-class family. The main family itself consists of the father, fundamentr, his wife brim, son baronet, and daughters Lisa and Maggie. early(a) family members include marks father, Abraham Simpson, as well as Marges sisters, Patty and Selma. Occa sionally, Marges mother, Mrs Bouvier, swords an appearance, and on one occasion, Homer discoered that he had an adopted older brother, Nigel.Since its official show in 1989, The Simpsons has become one of the worlds most fashionable animated series, and has been enjoyed the world over by children and adults alike. Originally, the show occupied a space on the Tracey Ullman Show between 1987 and 1989, and was then called The Bart Simpson Show. Its immense popularity proved so great that Twentieth Century Fox pertinacious it would be worthwhile to launch The Simpsons as a show in itself. In this format, the first case was broadcast in 1989, and in this season there were thirteen episodes.In fact, the show was so direct popular that a huge wave of cross-media production and merchandising took place, and this culminated in the put down of a single, Do The Bartman, in early 1991. Other examples include toys, comics, and computer games But what is it about The Simpsons that continue s to make it so popular? Is it Homer? Is it Bart? Or is it just the culmination of the shows different elements? These are some of the ideas I believe to cover in the course of this study. To this day, The Simpsons is still largely rated as the greatest of all the animated sit-coms.Since its release there has been a whole trail of subsequent cartoon impersonations, such as King of the Hill, southbound Park, Daria, and Beavis and Butthead. Unlike most cartoons, the comedy in The Simpsons is not based solely on situational comedy and postal service gags. The characters themselves make the comedy, with their personalities, their uniqueness, and their own personal points of view. Having such strong characters means that the writing can practically do itself, and that is one reason that The Simpsons has been able to endure for so many years.Innovative comedy, including the lack of a caper track, makes The Simpsons one of the funniest shows on television. As well as this, a continual supply of hilariously yokel-like jokes also helps to keep the comedy running smoothly. For example, when Bart asked wherefore he thought he was receiving specie for nothing, Grandpa Simpson replied, I just figured the democrats were subscribe in office. Also, when the zoo director is asked if hes going to save Ned Flanders from baboons, he replies, Ooh, Id like to, but if they dont kill the intruder, its really bad for their society. These are just a few examples of Simpsons humour. Simpson family analysis Homer From the shows beginnings, Homer has been portrayed as a well-intentioned, yet moronic person. Homers virtually change stupidity is what makes him so funny. His job in the powerstation often provides much of the humour, as do his experiences at theme and in Moes bar. In one episode, when Homer carrys on a student from Albania as part of Barts foreign exchange programme, he takes him on a tour of the powerstation, unsuspicious of why a 10-year-old would show interest in such a tour.Later we find out by F. B. I. agents that the boy was actually a communist spy and Homer had unwittingly given him detailed plans of the stations nuclear reactor as well as several sticks of plutonium. In another episode, Homer and Bart adopt a new son and brother respectively. In a subsequent constrict scene with Barts new brother, Homer was punched in the face, and he fell and bent his back over a fire hydrant. To this he said, This is even more painful then it looks. Another view of Homers persona is his love of food and beer.At work, Homer consumes unending amounts of donuts, whilst at home his passion is pork, whether it be pork-rinds, pork-steaks or pork-chops. Homer also has a famous passion for Duff beer, which at one point became so extreme that Marge challenged him to give up alcohol for a month. And he did. In another episode, Homer sneaked out of work half-an-hour early just so he could take a tour around the Duff factory. Here he managed to consume one casket each of several varieties of beer, just to find out the difference in taste.Thus, his stupidity, combined with an amazing luck, forms the basis for one of the funniest characters on television. Homer will manage to find the only way to completely ruin a situation and then, through sheer luck, he will find the only way to repair it. Indeed, he always manages to pull a Homer. Marge Marge is portrayed as the most straight-minded, straight-thinking member of the family. preceding(a) episodes, namely the one where Marge and Homer tell the children how they met, portray Marge as an intellectual, linguistically capable student with great career prospects.At least that was the case until she met Homer. However, it cannot be said that Marge has not used her linguistic skills to her advantage. In one episode, Marge vs. the Monorail, Marge single-handedly battles to stop the building of an unsafe, deceitful rail line around Springfield. In the end she wins the battle, and the citiz ens of Springfield are grateful to her for saving their lives. In another episode, she becomes board with her housewife role and she decides to open up a business, choosing a pretzel franchise to make her fortune.As well as this, Marge is the pillar that keeps the Simpson family standing. She is always the one who maintains the sanity and keeps the family going. She is the only express of reason in the household, as evidenced when she goes away and the household nearly collapses. No sooner had she go forth for her healthfarm weekend then the family began telephoning her to ask her all manners of questions, such as Barts question, where do you keep my socks? Her answer, In the sock draw. Another example can be seen in her adjure to ban the violent Itchy and Scratchy cartoon.This came about after she witnessed Maggie trying to stab Homer with a knife after she saw the same thing on TV. She continued her crusade, despite the fact that she knew Bart and Lisa were getting bullied at s chool, and eventually she won. Marge provides the reference on which the rest of the family is based, so the audience can see just how bizarre everyone else is when in immediate juxtaposition with Marge. It would be strange to imagine what the show would be like if this were not the way of things, as much humour is born out of the familys dependence on her.

Relationship Between Department Essay

Having people slam about different language skills exit do them to be more(prenominal) than lastledge and will help them to be easy understanding around people that are different from themselves. Make sure that we nurse training regularly about employee cultural differences so employees will finally to cooperation peaceful. Reduce the conflicts and disputes between of them. On the other hand, our company will be provide more money to encourage our employees learn more language s. Enhance their language skill.This plan will not only be able to serve them to strengthen their language and culture and communication skills, but also help in the works. We are the quintuple stars and luxury hotels, most of the guests visiting from different countries, If our employees have excellent language skills after training, so that more in-depth understanding of the needs of customers and provide them with the best service. The second point on how to rush with employee cultural differences is to get in sure that people be what the respect is. Ensure that everyone knows that whatsoever of colleagues always treat not hand near on way.Or does not get special treatment because of their cultural difference. We will also unavoidableness to make sure that you have something that goes out to remind people that everyone is equal. We can do this either by employee training or meeting I can have a little presentation in staff training. I just need to make sure that it is addressed so people know that it is ok to have cultural differences in our hotel. However, quick to criticize and condemn the error of employees, and received the honour slowly, many managers are always discriminated against ome of the staff, because they are not locals. Part of the local staff will ensue manager. Such discriminatory behavior, only a few people willing communicate with them. in that respectfore, they increase the pinch and the self-esteem hurt performance directly affects the workers l eft. On the other hand, if the situation continues, the relationship between employees will become fragmented. More reminiscent of the dictator. Simply dictating to them what they could get the job done, but there is no motivator to do it well.Employees are not exactly the same as the standard machine to perform over and over again the same job, if you do not recognize their effort. Their performance has been deteriorating. More modern and advancing workplace goals and reward schemes to motivate employee. In addition, the manager must make a good office staff model to promote the relationship between the employees become harmonious, happy work. The third point on how to deal with employee cultural differences is if some one is getting picked on because of their culture.You need to make sure that people know that it is not acceptable to treat others differently because of their culture. You will want to make sure that you take some action so that the problem does not continue. Th e worst thing is to have a unhappy employee because some one else has taken it upon themselves to be rude because of the racial discrimination. The fourth point on how to deal with employee cultural differences is enhance the exchange between employees, a better understanding of each(prenominal) other, I decided to educate more large-scale events in our company in future.For example, some large dinner, outdoor travel, outdoor activities such as football matches, participate to Marathon. These activities can make between employees a better understanding of each other, to establish a good relationship. If the employees between full unity, communication and reduce differences on return to work, they uniform these movements smooth co-develop team efforts, make excellent performance, driving the companys internal and external developments. There will be space for development cannot estimate. Therefore, Outdoor activities and group activities for communication.

Why Are Experiences of Stillness and Reflection (Meditation) Important to Buddhism?

why be experiences of evenness and reflection ( hypothesis) definitive to Buddhism? Meditation is a psychical and animal(prenominal) course of proceeding that a somebody uses to separate themselves from their ideals and feelings in order to be coiffe fully aware. It plays a part in virtually all religions although some dont use the word surmise to describe their particular pondering or wistful get along. Meditation does non al slip federal agency pose a religious element. It is a natural part of the human experience and is increasingly used as a therapy for promoting good health and boosting the immune ashes.Anyone who has looked at a sunset or a beautiful painting and felt calm and inner joy, while their caput twists clear and their perception sharpens, has had a taste of the realm of supposition. Successful meditation means simply cosmos non judging, not idea, just being aware, at peace and living each moment as it unfolds. In Buddhism the person meditating i s not trying to get into a hypnotic state or connectedness angels or any other supernatural entity. Meditation involves the body and the idea.For Buddhists this is particularly important as they need to avoid what they call duality and so their way of meditating must involve the body and the caput as a single entity. In the some general definition, meditation is a way of taking control of the learning ability so that it becomes peaceful and focused, and the meditator becomes much aware. The invention of meditation is to s whirligig the principal rushing about in an aimless (or even a purposeful) stream of thoughts. People often say that the aim of meditation is to still the theme. There are a number of methods of meditating methods which nonplus been used for a keen-sighted duration and have been shown to work.People bottomland meditate on their own or in groups. Meditating in a group perhaps at a retreat called a sesshin or in a meditation populate or zendo has th e good of re encephaloning a person that they are both part of a larger Buddhist community, and part of the larger community of beings of every species. Meditation in Buddhism is a form of Bhavana, or self-development. The origins of Bhavana go back to ancient Indian spiritual exercises called Yoga. Hindi Yoga consists of 8 storeys 1,2 Making a conscious apparent movement not to harm others and to establish good relations with them. ,4 Sitting postures and control of the breath. 5 Withdrawing the bear in mind from orthogonal things and looking inwards. 6 Fixing the mind on a single reject or thought. 7,8 Meditation, allowing the mind to rise above ordinary though and be directly aware of reality. These were taken up and highly-developed by the Buddha. What Buddhists do when they meditate or worship may look very similar to the Hindu religion, but Buddhists do it in order to deepen the particular Buddhist view of life. There are two kinds of meditation Samatha and Vipassana m editation.Samatha meditation is translated as calm meditation or tranquility meditation and so on Samatha meditation helps to control the mind and to become calm, so that the mind is focused upon a simple object or idea. For example, if we have tendencies towards greed and selfishness we might take death as the idea to focus upon for meditation. We indeed begin to see that everyone must die whatever they may be or do in their life. We will realise that greed is futile in the face of death and knowing this will gravel feelings of calm and dispassion in us.Samatha meditation is practised to attain deep concentration of the mind only. The purpose of Samatha meditation is to concentrate the mind on this agreeing sensation or respiration. Whenever the mind goes out, the meditator runs it back on to the object of meditation, that is, the respiration or the touching sensation, because he wants to deeply concentrate the mind on a single object of meditation. When the mind goes out in Samatha meditation it must be brought back to the simple object, focusing the mind on the respiration. The Samatha meditator must not light upon the wandering thought or thinking mind.He need not realise any morality or physicality. What he needs to do is attain deep concentration of mind on a single object, focusing the mind attentively, noting the in- and out-breathing. When the Samatha meditator attains to chafe concentration or to absorption concentration, when his mind is entirely absorbed into the object of meditation, on that point is no noetic defilement in that concentrated mind. At that time the concentrated mind is purified from hindrances. This is called purification of mind because there is no greed, hatred, ignorance, conceit, jealousy and so on.So the meditator feels peaceful and happy. That is the benefit of Samatha meditation but when the mind is disengaged from the object of meditation, the concentration is also broken and the mind goes to many different obj ects. Therefore many thoughts come into the mind. When the mind is defiled with greed, anger or ignorance the meditator does not feel happy or peaceful. He has suffering. The Samatha meditator enjoys peacefulness of mind while his mind is deeply concentrated on a single object of meditation. As gigantic as the mind is absorbed in the object, he feels peaceful calm, tranquil and serene.One type of Samatha meditation that is suitable for everyone is where the subject of concentration is our own breath. The concentration of our own breathing includes feeling the air mildly filling your lungs and wherefore flowing out through the nostrils. As you concentrate on breathing you come to realise the value of it because we depend on it for life. Breathing becomes more delicate, and it may even happen that our breaths get on to stop our thoughts become less and less, and peace and contentment arise within us. Therefore it will bring calmness and a greater awareness of yourself and your phy sical body.There are many different possibilities of the ways to sit during meditation. The important thing is to feel comfortable and relaxed, but also to be upright and alert. The classic meditation position is the lotus position. This involves sitting cross-legged with the left foot on top of the right thigh and the right foot on top of the left thigh. While it helps for the body to be alert, relaxed and stable, meditation is really about the mind and the inner experience. Posture is a support to that but most Buddhist traditions do not regard it as an end in itself.Brahma Vihara means wonderful State and by meditating upon the Brahma Viharas a person develops feelings of love, compassion, joy and peace towards all living things. The quatern Sublime States are 1. Metta This is usually translated as loving kindness. In meditating upon metta, a person counterbalance of all wishes himself or herself well, and then spreads the positive and friendly thoughts outwards towards all other beings. 2. Karuna This means mobile compassion understanding the disposition of suffering and sharing the suffering of others. 3.Mudita This is sympathetic joy in which the meditator shares the happiness of all other beings. 4. Upekkha This is a state of peace and serenity, in which, with a well-balanced mind, a person looks on all beings whether friendly or not with the same positive attitude of care and well-wishing. Meditating on the Brahma Viharas may take the form of a visualisation. In the case of Metta Bhavana, or Meditation on Love, you would visualise the spreading of love from yourself to friends and family, to the community, and further on to the rest of the world.For the Brahma Viharas thought is action meditating on the spreading of love throughout the universe. The effect of meditating off the Brahma Viharas is like ripples on the surface of water gradually spreading outwards. Vipassana meditation is insight meditation, it is realisation, seeing or righ t understanding. Vipassana meditation refers to a system of cordial development that consists of looking inwards, looking at your mind as if you were an impertinent observer. In this way the meditator can break through the predictable workings of the mind to see things as they really are.Vipassana meditation is practises to attain some amount of concentration and to realise these three characteristics, therefore removing all thoughts and to experience the remainder of suffering. In Vipassana meditation, the purpose is to realise all amiable states and physical processes in their square(a) nature. In this concept, their true nature means the three characteristics which every mental state and physical process possesses. Any mental state or physical process may be the object of meditation. So the Vipassana meditator must not take only a single object but take many varieties of objects.The Vipassana meditation is an important step on the path to enlightenment. In fact, it follows f rom the seventh step of the Noble Eightfold Path, Right Mindfulness, whereas Samatha relates to the 6th step, Right Effort. The Vipassana meditator follows the mind and observes it by making mental annotatings of all the movements and senses they observe such as the uphill and falling movement of the venter and the hearing of a voice or of a distinctive sound. cod to these movements and sense they make notes within their mind, for example, when the abdomen rises the meditatior observes it, making a mental note rising.When the abdomen falls, the mediator observes it, making a mental note falling. The meditator does this for every movement for the abdomen and makes mental notes such as these for everything he observes. The meditator observes and follows the mind because the purpose of insight meditation is to realise the characteristics of any mental state or physical process. Therefore to realise the three characteristics of a wandering mind, but the meditator has to observe i t as it is, making a mental note as wandering, wandering, thinking, thinking and so on until that thought has disappeared. tho after it has disappeared should he return to the primary object, noting as usual. However, the Vipassana meditator needs to realise impermanence, suffering and the impersonal nature of the wandering, thinking mind. He must observe the wandering thoughts, the thinking mind as it really occurs, noting wandering, wandering, thinking, thinking, imagining, imagining. When you note these thoughts, your noting mind should be more attentive, more energetic and somewhat quick, so that it becomes more and more powerful, more so than the thinking process or the wandering process.When the noting mind becomes sharper, quicker and more powerful, it overwhelms the thinking mind or the thought process, which then stops in a short time. When the noting mind is weak, then it is overwhelmed by the wandering mind. The noting mind is dragged along by the thinking process the tho ught process goes on and on and the meditator cant concentrate well. So to make the noting mind stronger, sharper and more powerful, the meditator notes the wandering, thinking mind more attentively, energetically and quickly. Then the thinking process stops and at that time the meditator notices thought doesnt support long.It arises and passes away. So here the arising and passing away of the thought is vaguely realised as impermanent, though not clearly realised. When concentration becomes deeper and deeper, the meditator comes to realise that these individual thoughts arise and pass away, one after another. A series of thoughts arises and passes away. Unless concentration is deep enough, the meditator is not able to realise it. The purpose is to realise these thoughts and their three characteristics. So, whatever thought arises in sitting or walking, the meditator must note them attentively, energetically and more quickly.When thoughts are noted they become less and less, and c oncentration becomes deeper and deeper. If the thoughts are not noted, they increase and sometimes they persist a very long time. Then concentration is weak. In Vipassana meditation, the meditator concentrates the mind to a certain extent on many mental states or physical processes. Then he realises the true nature of mentality and physicality, their impermanent, suffering and impersonal nature. His mind is purified at that moment because he realises these three characteristics of mental states and physical processes.He realises it, not through theory-based knowledge, not through learning scriptures but through his own personal experience of mental and physical experience, and this experience of the three characteristics is very deep and profound. This experience carcass in the mind all the time though this insight knowledge of the three characteristics is also impermanent, suffering and impersonal. It occurs and passes away. The force of this insight knowledge remains in the thou ght process, in the process of consciousness, which continues for life.Therefore even though the meditator leaves the meditation centre and goes plate or back to work, he may sometimes recollect his meditative experiences of these three characteristics, and they appear in his mind as if he is realising them at that moment. Then the mind is purified and he feels peaceful and tranquil. The benefit of Vipassana meditation is not only in sitting but also in the whole life and the following life. Therefore it helps the mind to be purified at any time. Thats why the Vipassana meditator sleep withs for peace to a certain extent.If he has attained any stage of enlightenment, the first stage, the second stage, the third stage or the quaternityth stage of enlightenment, if he has attained in any of these four, his mind is purer because some of the mental corruption have been uprooted by the path knowledge. He has lost some of the mental corruptions which cause suffering and he can live in peace and happiness to a certain extent. However, if he is able to attain all the four kinds of enlightenment, his mind is comp permitely purified all the time and liberated from all kinds of mental corruptions.He will then live peacefully and happily. dit is about living in the present with complete awareness. The word dot is the Japanese equivalent of the Chinese Chan, meaning meditation. However, we have seen that many different schools of Buddhism place great tension on meditation as a means to enlightenment. All schools believe that all people have the ability to be enlightened, just as all people have the ability to be sore or sad. panelling therefore says that enlightenment exists within all human beings all the time. The aim of Zen practice is to become aware of ones own enlightenment.This is called Satori. One important aspect of meditation is that it enables us to sit still and do nothing. It is said that the aim of Zen is not to aim. The meditation practice of Zen i s called Za-zen, or sitting Zen. Sitting in the lotus position is very important, for it allows the meditator to breathe easily and slowly. He will put his hands into the dhyana-mudra and keep his eyes open. This makes them become fully in touch with the true nature of reality. Different schools of Zen do Za-zen in different ways Soto meditators face a wall, Rinzai meditators sit in a circle facing each other.Zen considers there to be quint kinds of meditative practices which go deeper and deeper. 1. Bompu is a very superficial form of meditation. Bompu means ordinary. 2. Gedo refers especially to meditative practices of other religions. These practices may be useful, but do not lead to enlightenment. The word gedo means outside way. 3. Shojo refers to Theravada meditation. Mahayana Buddhists often call Theravada Hinayana or small fomite because they do not consider it to be capable of leading all people to enlightenment. Shojo is used for the same reason. 4.Daijo is Japanese for Mahayana, or great vehicle, and refers to meditation which leads to enlightenment. 5. Saijojo is the purest form of daijo, the highest form of meditation. A Zen practitioner tries to experience each moment directly. They dont let thoughts, memories, fears or hopes get in the way. They practice being aware of everything they see, hear, feel, taste, and smell. For example when they eat they focus totally on the food and on the act of eating and prevent any thoughts in their mind. In Zen Buddhism the purpose of meditation is to stop the mind rushing about in an aimless (or even a purposeful) stream of thoughts.People often say that the aim of meditation is to still the mind. Zen Buddhism offers a number of methods of meditation to people methods which have been used for a long time, and which have been shown to work. Zen Buddhists can meditate on their own or in groups. Meditating in a group perhaps at a retreat called a sesshin or in a meditation room or zendo has the benefit of re minding a person that they are both part of a larger Buddhist community, and part of the larger community of beings of every species.

Bulgaria Economy Essay

Alongside the northmost coast of B deprivation Sea, the Bulgarian state was first founded in 635 A. D with the Slav and Bulgar peoples. Between the course of study 893 and 927 the first Bulgarian Kingdom was established which is known as the Golden Age in the business relationship of Bulgaria. In the early 20th century social and political disorders blemished Bulgaria and suckd the hoidenish to get into in the First Balkan War in 1912 and then in the Second Balkan War in 1913. Bulgaria excessively took a part in the instauration Wars first by associated with the Central Powers and then with the Axis Powers.In the beginning of the Second World War, the arena united with the Germany, but towards the end of the war it changed its position for fighting with the German troops that resulted in the killing of 30,000 Bulgarian soldiers. Communism came forward and materialized dominantly in the political surroundings of the province in 1944 when the Soviet soldiers entered into th e territory of Bulgaria and the Axis power crushed in the Second World War. Gradually the sphere turned as the protectorate of the Soviet Union during the era of Cold War.With divest of Todor Zhivkov, thethen head of the Communist Party of Bulgaria, democratic change took place in the uncouth. In 1991 the first egalitarian parliamentary elections occurred in Bulgaria. In 1992 the sphere experient its first ever direct presidential elections. Bulgaria, which comes come out of the closet through the agonizing struggle and trouble of communism, faced various social disorder and stinting paroxysm that finally ended with the broad economic and financial crisis in the block of the late 1996 and the early 1997.However, the rescue of Bulgaria came back to the stabilizing path with a series of reforming initiatives taken by Ivan Kostov, the former run aground attend of the country. (Background Note Bulgaria, November 27, 2009). Overtime, Bulgaria has gradually emerged as a marke t-driven economy from an old command economy. In 1996, the country experienced major economic crises in the form of banking system disorder, depreciation of currency, reduction of production as fountainhead as contradictory trade. Dwindling foreign exchange reserves and operative increase in range of interest further aggravated both the burden of domesticated debt and harvest of the country.Within a period of one year gross domestic product dropped by intimately 11% in 1996 firearm it experienced a 2% increase in 1995. In the late 1996 privatization model was accepted, but the privatization of the populace sector industries dec pipelined. During this period the IMF disbursed almost $580 loan to Bulgaria. But the country failed to augment its structural reform process. This lack of progress of Bulgaria insisted the IMF to postpone the loan sanctioned to the country. For avoiding needless spending and huge pomposityary pressure, the IMF proposed to form a currency get alon g with to renovate the confidence of the country. In this case Mr.Ivan Kostov (UDF), the former Prime Minister of Bulgaria, who got the pennon in 1997, played the leading role to launch the ambitious reform programs. With such initiatives the currency board was set up on July 1, 1997 to bring back the stability and growth in the economy of Bulgaria. The case of the formation of the currency board was seen by the fall in inflation rate. While the rate of inflation was a three digit number in 1997, it was slashed to 1% in 1998. A change magnitude in the inflation rate, a decrease in interest rate and an increase in the foreign enthronization were followed by the formation of the currency board.The g overnment of Bulgaria too assured to sell off around of the assets of the country. Though the country faced a 7. 4% drop in its gross domestic product in 1997, it expect the gross domestic product to bounce back in 1998 to an estimated take of 2%. The government of Bulgaria as hal e as took nearly other initiatives like achieving the success of land reform policy, the process of privatization and the reform of the banking system, etc. as its other prime objectives. The government of Bulgaria has taken the steps to provide a strong and sustain fit growth in the gross domestic product of the country by learning the lessons from the fall of gross domestic product in the years 1996 and 1997.For reducing the level of unemployment and sustaining the growth of production of the economy, Bulgaria has taken all the required steps from time to time. The governments expect taken the necessary measurements to swerve the level of both the individual and the merged taxes, curb the corruption and draw the flow of foreign investment into the country. The government of Bulgaria has to a fault taken the steps to re bodily structure the foreign debt policy of the country, restore and stimulate the argumentation market and aggravate the process of privatization of the some of the major state monopolies.All such steps of the country have led the European Commission to declare that Bulgaria is Functioning Market frugality in October 2002 as its main economic policy. (Background Note Bulgaria, November 27, 2009). All the successive governments have maintained such reform and ultimately Bulgaria has taken the membership of the European Union in 2007. A World Bank report suggests that Bulgaria has been able to draw the maximum levels of flow of foreign direct investment among all the nations of Eastern Europe as a per centumage of GDP in 2006.The government of Bulgaria has brought down the rate of corporate tax to 10% in 2007 to magnetize the additional flow of foreign capital in the country. such(prenominal) a corporate tax rate has been reported as the lowest rate in the whole Europe. The cost of domestic labor has also dropped through the legislation of the flat personal income tax level of 10% in January 1, 2008. To enhance the stability in local ec onomic functioning, the Bulgarian parliament has taken the policy of financial decentralization for the municipalities so as to provide them the power of collection and supervision of some taxes.Such a step was taken by responding the increasing demand for independence of financial procedures of the local governments of the country. The achievement of the country towards the restructure of its monetary policies and tax reforms, however, somewhat wiped out by the recent global financial crisis and economic turmoil that started from the middle of 2007. Such a worldwide global dwindling phase has forced the Bulgarian economy to be trapped by the vicious circle of recession at the end of 2008 subsequently experiencing a prolonged 10 years steady growth.The put has been seen in the mounting household debt and the increase rate of unemployment in the country. In this situation the government has responded by taking an anti-crisis strategy for establishing fiscal reco genuinely and pr omoting economic stability. To increase the power over the funds of the European Union, the government has also assumption its commitment. Such governmental steps are also expected to fight the criminal offence and the corruption in the Bulgarian economy in an organized way. ( thrift in Bulgaria, n. d. ).Let us look at some of the primary statistics which are very helpful to assess the present economic structure of the Bulgarian Economy and its overall outgrowth. It is a known fact in the history of mankind that the identification of the goals of economic development has not been properly done by valet de chambre. (Todaro and Stephen, 2009, p 16) The Bulgarian economy has been designated as an economy with an velocity and middle income nation by the World Bank. Though in the recent past the country has exhibited a steady trend in its growth, it is one of the least developed nations of Europe.The economy of Bulgaria heavily dependent on the industrial sector, but in recent past the service sector has also contributed to the growth of the countrys GDP. Petroleum, copper, gold, coal, beverages and tobacco, fruits, electronic tools and items, vehicle machineries, nuclear fuel, iron, construction items, sunflowers, wine, barley, etc. , are some of the major products of the country. From 1996 to 2008, over a period of 12 years, the country has able to maintain a growth of 6% and more. The huge inflow of foreign direct investment in the country has helped it to maintain such a significant rate of growth.However, the latest global recession has adversely affected the country on its export sector as well as on its capital inflow. This in turn has affected the growth of the country. The GDP of the country has fall to 5% in 2009. In terms of purchasing power parity, the GDP of Bulgaria has dropped to $90. 54 one million million million in 2009 from the level of $95. 1 billion of 2008. In terms of absorption of the work force of the country, the agriculture sector contributes 7. 5%, whereas industry contributes 27. 6% and service sector contributes 64. 9%. According to the musical theme of 2009, the total work force of the country is 2.63 million. The share of unemployed population in 2009 stands almost 9. 1% in the total working population. The corrupted system of public administration, feeble judiciary system and the increasing criminal activities has led almost 14. 1% of the population of Bulgaria to live their lives below the poverty line and under a greater hardship. (Bulgaria Economy, n. d. ). The estimated per capita GDP of the country has dropped to $12,600 in 2009 from the level of $13,100 in 2008. The estimated percentage of GDP of the country in agriculture, industry and services sector are 7.5%, 27. 6% and 64. 9% successively. The estimated level of unemployment of Bulgaria has risen to 9. 1% in 2009 in comparison with 6. 3% in the previous year 2008. do estimated gross investment in 2009 of the country is 28. 6% of GDP. The est imated amount of public debt has risen to 21. 4% of GDP in 2009 from the level of 14. 1% in 2008. The growth rate of industrial production in 2009 has been estimated as negative and stands at -14% of GDP. The estimated foreign exchange reserve and gold has also dropped to $16. 49 billion on December 31, 2009 from the level of $17.93 billion on December 31, 2008. In response to the unfavorable effect of the global financial turmoil on the economy of Bulgaria, the government has taken many steps to strengthen the economy. Such governmental initiatives are supported by various statistics. The estimated public debt of Bulgaria has dropped to 21. 4% of GDP in 2009 as compared to the 14. 1% of the year ago. Estimated rate of inflation in terms of consumer prices has also decreased to 2. 7% in 2009 from that of 12. 3% in 2008. The prime lending rate of the central bank of Bulgaria has been increased to 10.86% in December 31, 2008 from that of 10% in December 31, 2007. The stock of domestic credit has increased to $32. 04 billion in December 31 which was $17. 03 billion in December 31, 2007. (Bulgaria Economy 2010, February 8, 2010). According to the latest operational data as published by Nation Master, the external debt of Bulgaria has increased to $3488 million which is a very high amount. In terms of Gini index, which is the measure of degree of inequality in the distribution of family income, the country has been graded as 103rd out of 133 nations in case of its equal distribution of family income.(Economy, 2010). For analyzing the socio-economic structure and development aftermaths of Bulgaria we should study the basic education system, healthcare system, urbanization process and migration and the strategies of the country to develop the economy in the presence of corruption. The nonage communities of Bulgaria are protected by many international instruments according to the 1991 new Bulgarian constitution. Such a constitutive(a) structure has established the superiority of the international law over the national law of Bulgaria.Such international norms and regulations have made the basic principles of the legislation of the country through which the government of Bulgaria is able to moderate and adjust the common rights of its citizens who vary across the languages of their respective communities, religions and cultures. However, there are many problems in the country associated with the minorities. Such problems are not only related with the cultural or religious variations but also basically with the economic and social values of the citizens. (Karasimeonov, n. d. ).The government of Bulgaria is very refer to respect its citizens human right. In past, there were, however, some problems in many areas. The citizens who were the member of minority population of the country were hazard by the law enactment officials. The prisoners were also mistreated and misbehaved. The degree of arbitrary arrest, police military group and maturati on were very common in the country. The prevalence of corruption and other problems associated with the system led the judicial structure of the nation to suffer greatly. The press was also restricted to freely expose the views.In Bulgaria there were also many barriers on some of the religious groups of the nation. They were strictly deterred to present their cultural and religious outlooks. Communal bedevilment was very common in the country. Social discrimination between the men and women was very high and the violence against the women was vastly prevalent in the society. The increasing problem of child labor in the country have also setback the economy of Bulgaria. Throughout the ruling of all the political organizations in Bulgaria, corruption and crime has remained the basic concerning factors of all the governments.To fight against the corruption and to increase the awareness of its citizens, the government of Bulgaria has formed the inter-ministerial anticorruption commissi on in 2002. To combat against corruption though the Bulgarian government has taken various methods, the European Union, however, has argued that the country is all the same facing many problems associated with the presence of corruption in the economy. The Union has recommended for the requirement of rehabilitated efforts to tackle such move on and sophisticated corruption. (Corruption and Anti-corruption Policy in Bulgaria, 2002, pp 102-104 Bulgaria, February 28, 2005).The education system of Bulgaria is basically national in nature, but also affected significantly by foreign controls. In the 19th century the educational system of the country was highly motivated and influenced by the impact of Soviet Russia. The influence of Western Europe and the American educational culture are also significant on the overall educational environment of Bulgaria. However, to bring the countrys educational system in the line of Western European process of education the educational system of Bulg aria has been reformed.With such initiative to reform the educational system of the economy, Bulgaria has supported the agreement with the European Union. (Bulgaria- educational System- overview, 2010). Development is the concept of freedom of human. The homosexual development index consists of the status of health, education and the income (Todaro and Stephen, 2009, p 19-21). The Human Development Index of Bulgaria is . 808 which has given it the rank of 55 among the 178 nations. (Economy 2010). In the early 20th century the equalizer of residents who lived in the cities with their counterparts who lived in the villages were merely 20 percent.In 1945 the proportion has increased to almost 24 percent and at the end of 1990 it has been seen that more than 6 million people resided in the cities while less than 3 million population of Bulgaria resided in the villages. Such a change in demographic movement is well enough to argue that Bulgaria has experienced the pace of urbanization with the passage of time. Since almost 66% of Bulgarian migrants has relocate in the same states of the country, so there has not been seen any sharp decline in the regional population ratio.The demographers, however, are very concerned over the decline of the population of the villages. They are very concerned over the skewed distribution of population towards the cities. The 1990 democratization activities have raised many debates over the issue of agricultural privatization program of the government. (Curtis,1992). References 1) Todaro, P, M and S, C, Stephen (2009), Economic Development, Pearson Education Limited, 10th Edition, England. 2) Background Note Bulgaria (November 27, 2009), berth of European and Eurasian Affairs, U. S. Department of State.Available at http//www. state. gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3236. htm admission On may 18, 2010 3) Economy in Bulgaria (n. d. ), World66 Available at http//www. world66. com/europe/bulgaria/economy Access On whitethorn 18, 2010 4) Bulgaria Ec onomy (n. d. ), EconomyWatch Available at http//www. economywatch. com/world_economy/bulgaria/ Access On May 19, 2010 5) Economy (2010), Bulgaria, Europe, NationMaster. com Available at http//www. nationmaster. com/country/bu-bulgaria/eco-economy Access On May 19, 2010 6) Bulgaria Economy 2010 (February 8, 2010), Countries of the World. Available at http//www.theodora. com/wfbcurrent/bulgaria/bulgaria_economy. html Access On May 19, 2010 7) Karasimeonov, G, (n. d. ), The constitutional Rights of Minorities in Bulgaria Available at http//www. cecl. gr/RigasNetwork/databank/REPORTS/r9/BU_9_Konstantinov. html Access On May 20, 2010 8) Corruption and Anti-corruption Policy in Bulgaria (2002), Open Society Institute Available at http//info. worldbank. org/etools/antic/docs/Resources/Country%20Profiles/Bulgaria/OpenSocietyInstitute_CorruptionBulgaria. pdf Access On May 20, 2010 9) Bulgaria (February 28, 2005), Bureau of Democr